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Freescale Semiconductor Technical Data
Document Number: MC33998 Rev. 2.0, 8/2006
Switching Power Supply with Linear Regulators
The 33998 is a medium-power, multi-output power supply integrated circuit that is capable of operating over a wide input voltage range, from 6.0 V up to 26.5 V with 40 V transient capability. It incorporates a sensorless current mode control step-down switching controller regulating directly to 5.0 V. The 2.6 V linear regulator uses an external pass transistor to reduce the 33998 power dissipation. The 33998 also provides a 2.6 V linear standby regulator and two 5.0 V sensor supply outputs protected by internal lowresistance LDMOS transistors. There are two separate enable pins for the main and sensor supply outputs and standard supervisory functions such as resets with power-up reset delay. The 33998 provides proper power supply sequencing for advanced microprocessor architectures such as the MPC5xx and 683xx microprocessor families.
33998
SWITCHING REGULATOR
DW SUFFIX EG SUFFIX (PB-FREE) 98ASB42344B 24-PIN SOICW
ORDERING INFORMATION Features * Operating Voltage Range 6.0 V up to 26.5 V (40 V transient) Temperature Device Package Range (TA) * Step-Down Switching Regulator Output VDDH = 5.0 V @ 1400 mA (total) MC33998DW/R2 * Linear Regulator with External Pass Transistor VDDL = 2.6 V @ -40C to 125C 24 SOICW MCZ33998EG/R2 400 mA * Low-Power Standby Linear Regulator VKAM = 2.6 V @ 10 mA * Two 5.0 V @ 200 mA (typical) Sensor Supplies VREF Protected Against Short-to-Battery and Short-to-Ground with Retry Capability * Undervoltage Shutdown on the VDDL, VDDH Outputs with Retry Capability * Reset Signals * Power-Up Delay * Enable Pins for Main Supplies (EN) and Sensor Supplies (SNSEN) * Power Sequencing for Advanced Microprocessor Architectures * Pb-Free Packaging Designated by Suffix Code EG
33998
KA_VPWR VPWR VDDH 5.0 V VREF1 DRVL VREF2 FBL VKAM EN SNSEN GND PWROK VKAMOK VSW
VDDH
5.0 V
MCU
VDDL VKAM
5.0 V
2.6 V
2.6 V
Figure 1. 33998 Simplified Application Diagram
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. reserves the right to change the detail specifications, as may be required, to permit improvements in the design of its products.
(c) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2007. All rights reserved.
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
33998 VPWR VSW 5.0 V
I-lim
Drive
Sof t Start
Ramp Enb Logic & Latch
FBKB VSUM
Osc KA_VPWR V bg VDDH
Retry
VREF1 Reg. 5.0 V VREF1
Bandgap Voltage Reference Snsenb
Vbg
Enb
2.6V Linear Regulator Driver
DRVL FBL 2.6 V
Enb Retry Snsenb VREF2 Reg. 5.0 V VREF2 PwrOK Snsenb Enable Control Enb POR V bg
2.6V Standby Reg.
VKAM
2.6 V
PWRO K VKAMOK
Charge Pump
VkamOK
CRES
SNSEN
EN
PGND
Figure 2. 33998 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
PIN CONNECTIONS
PIN CONNECTIONS
VKAMOK KA_VPWR CRES VPWR GND GND GND GND VSW PWROK FBKB VSUM
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
VKAM EN SNSEN VREF1 GND GND GND GND VREF2 VDDH FBL DRVL
Figure 3. 33998 Pin Connections Table 1. Pin Definitions
Pin Number 1 Pin Name VKAMOK Definition Keep-Alive Output Monitoring. This pin is an "open-drain" output that will be used with a discrete pull-up resistor to VKAM. When the supply voltage to the 33998 is disconnected or lost, the VKAMOK signal goes low. Keep Alive Power Supply Pin. This supply pin is used in modules that have both direct battery connections and ignition switch activated connections. Reservoir Capacitor. This pin is tied to an external "reservoir capacitor" for the internal charge pump. Power Supply Pin. Main power input to the IC. This pin is directly connected to the switching regulator power MOSFET. In automotive applications this pin must be protected against reverse battery conditions by an external diode. Ground of the integrated circuit. Internal P-Channel Power MOSFET Drain. VSW is the "switching node" of the voltage buck converter. This pin is connected to the VPWR pin by an integrated p-channel MOSFET. Power OK Reset Pin. This pin is an "open-drain" output that will be used with a discrete pull-up resistor to VKAM, VDDH, or VDDL. When either VDDH or VDDL output voltage goes out of the regulation limits this pin is pulled down. Step-Down Switching Regulator Feedback Pin. The FBKB pin is the VDDH feedback signal for the switching regulator. Error Amplifier "Summing Node". The VSUM pin is connected to the inverting input of the error amplifier. This node is also the "common" point of the integrated feedback resistor divider. Drive for VDDL (2.6 V) Regulator. The DRVL pin drives the base of an external NPN pass transistor for the VDDL linear post regulator. The collector of the VDDL pass transistor is connected to VDDH. An example of a suitable pass transistor is BCP68. Feedback for VDDL (2.6 V) Regulator. The FBL pin is the voltage feedback sense signal from the VDDL (2.6 V) linear post regulator. VDDH is an input supply pin providing power for the buffered sensor supplies and the drive circuitry for the 2.6 V linear power regulator. The VDDH pin is supplied from the switching regulator output, capable of providing 5.0 V @ 1400 mA total output current. Sensor Supply #2 Output. The VREF2 pin is sensor supply output #2. Ground of the integrated circuit. Sensor Supply #1 Output. The VREF1 pin is sensor supply output #1.
2 3 4
KA_VPWR CRES VPWR
5-8 9 10
GND VSW PWROK
11 12 13
FBKB VSUM DRVL
14 15
FBL VDDH
16 17 - 20 21
VREF2 GND VREF1
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
PIN CONNECTIONS
Table 1. Pin Definitions (continued)
Pin Number 22 23 24 Pin Name SNSEN EN VKAM Definition Sensor Supply Enable Input. The SNSEN pin is an input, which enables the VREF1 and VREF2 supplies. It allows the control module hardware / software to shut down the sensor supplies. Enable Input. The EN pin is an input, which enables the main switching regulator and all other functions. When this pin is low, the power supply is in a low quiescent state. Keep-Alive (standby) 2.6 V Regulator Output. This is a 2.6 V low quiescent, low dropout regulator for Keep Alive memory.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2. Maximum Ratings All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted.
Rating Main Supply Voltage Keep-Alive Supply Voltage Switching Node 5.0 V Input Power Sensor Supply Symbol VPWR KA_VPWR VSW VDDH VREF1 VREF2 Keep-Alive Supply Voltage Maximum Voltage at Logic I/O Pins VKAM EN SNSEN PWROK VKAMOK Charge Pump Reservoir Capacitor Voltage Error Amplifier Summing Node Switching Regulator Output Feedback VDDL Base Drive VDDL Feedback ESD Voltage Human Body Model (all pins) Machine Model (all pins)
(1) (1)
Value -0.3 to 45 -0.3 to 45 -0.5 to 45 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 18 -0.3 to 18 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 18 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0 -0.3 to 6.0
Unit V V V V V
V V
CRES VSUM FBKB DRVL FBL
V V V V V V
VESD1 VESD2 PD
(3), (4)
500 100 800 60 20 -40 to 125 mW C/W C/W C
Power Dissipation (TA = 25C) (2) Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction to Board
(5) (6)
RJA RJB TA
Operational Package Temperature [Ambient Temperature]
Notes 1. ESD1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (CZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 ). ESD2 testing is performed in accordance with the Machine Model (CZAP = 200 pF, RZAP = 0 ) 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Maximum power dissipation at indicated junction temperature. Junction temperature is a function of on-chip power dissipation, package thermal resistance, mounting site (board) temperature, ambient temperature, air flow, power dissipation of other components on the board, and board thermal resistance. Per SEMI G38-87 and JEDEC JESD51-2 with the single layer board horizontal. Thermal resistance between the die and the printed circuit board per JEDEC JESD51-8. Board temperature is measured on the top surface of the board near the package. The limiting factor is junction temperature, taking into account the power dissipation, thermal resistance, and heat sinking.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2. Maximum Ratings (continued) All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted.
Rating Operational Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Reflow 7. 8.
(7) (8)
Symbol TJ TSTG , TPPRT
Value -40 to 150 -55 to 150 Note 8
Unit C C C
Pin soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. Freescale's Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements for JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. For Peak Package Reflow Temperature and Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL), Go to www.freescale.com, search by part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes and enter the core ID to view all orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), and review parametrics.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0 V VPWR 16 V, -40C TJ = TA 125C, using the typical application circuit (see Figure 8) unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic GENERAL Supply Voltage Range Normal Operating Voltage Range
(9)
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
V VPWR(N) VPWR(E) VPWR(LD) IVPWR 25 IQVPWR 5.0 IKAVPWR 0.5 IQKAVPWR 50 - 350 - 3.0 A - 15 mA - 150 A 6.0 18 - - - - 18 26.5 40 V mA
Extended Operating Voltage Range (9) Maximum Transient Voltage - Load Dump (10) VPWR Supply Current EN = 5.0 V, VPWR = 14 V, No Loads VPWR Quiescent Supply Current EN = 0 V, VPWR = 12 V KA_VPWR Supply Current, EN = 5.0 V, KA_VPWR = 14 V, No Load on VKAM KA_VPWR Quiescent Supply Current EN = 0 V, KA_VPWR = 12 V BUCK REGULATOR (VDDH) Buck Converter Output Voltage IVDDH = 200 mA to 1.4 A, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V Buck Converter Output Voltage IVDDH = 1.4 A, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 6.0 V VDDH Line Regulation VPWR = KA_VPWR = 10 V to 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA VDDH Load Regulation VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA to 1.4 A VPWR = KA_VPWR = 6.0 V, IVDDH = 200 mA to 1.4 A VDDH Active Discharge Resistance VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 0 V, IVDDH = 10 mA P-CHANNEL MOSFET Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage--Not Tested (11) Drain-Source Current Limit--Not Tested
(11)
VDDH 4.9 VDDH 4.9 REGLNVDDH -20 - 30 - 5.1 - 5.1
V
V
mV
mV REGLDVDDH -20 -20 RHDISCH 1.0 - 15 - - 20 20
BVDSS ISCSW1
45 -
- -7.0
- -
V A
Notes 9. VDDH is fully functional when the 33998 is operating at higher battery voltages, but these parameters are not tested. The test condition as are: a) VDDH must be between 4.9 V and 5.1 V (200 mA to 1.4 A) for VPWR = 14 V to 18 V. b) VDDH must be between 4.8 V and 5.5 V (200 mA to 1.4 A) for VPWR = 18 V to 26.5 V. 10. 11. Part can survive, but no parameters are guaranteed. Guaranteed by design but not production tested.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0 V VPWR 16 V, -40C TJ = TA 125C, using the typical application circuit (see Figure 8) unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic LINEAR REGULATOR (VDDL) VDDL Output Voltage VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDL = 200 mA VDDL Line Regulation VDDH = 4.8 V to 5.2 V, IVDDL = 400 mA VDDL Load Regulation VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDL = 10 mA to 400 mA DRVL Output Current VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, VDRVL = 1.0 V VDDL Active Discharge Resistance VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 0 V, IFBL = 10 mA VDDH to VDDL Active Clamp Resistance VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 0 V, IVDDH = 50 mA, VFBKB = 0 V VDDL Output Capacitor Capacitance (12) VDDL Output Capacitor ESR (12) KEEP-ALIVE (STANDBY) REGULATOR (VKAM) VKAM Output Voltage IVKAM = 5.0 mA, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 18 V, EN = 5.0 V VKAM Output Voltage, EN = 0 V (Standby Mode) VPWR = KA_VPWR = 26 V, IVKAM = 0.5 mA VPWR = KA_VPWR = 18 V, IVKAM = 5.0 mA VPWR = KA_VPWR = 5.0 V, IVKAM = 10.0 mA VPWR = 0 V, KA_VPWR = 3.5 V, IVKAM = 5.0 mA VKAM Line Regulation, EN = 0 V (Standby Mode) VPWR = KA_VPWR = 5.0 V to 18 V, IVKAM = 2.0 mA VKAM Load Regulation, EN = 0 V (Standby Mode) VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVKAM = 1.0 mA to 10 mA Differential Voltage VKAM - VDDL EN = 5.0 V, IVKAM = 5.0 mA, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDL = 200 mA VKAM Output Capacitor Capacitance (12) VKAM Output Capacitor ESR (12) Notes 12. Recommended value. CVKAM ESRVKAM REGVKAM -20 - - - 4.7 1.4 60 - - F REGLDDVKAM 0 - 100 mV REGLNVKAM -20 - 20 mV VKAM 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.0 - - - - 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 mV VKAM 2.5 - 2.7 V V CVDDL ESRVDDL RCLAMP 0.6 - - - 68 0.125 10 - - F RLDISCH 1.0 - 10 IDRVL 5.0 11 25 REGLDVDDL -70 - 70 mA REGLNVDDL -30 - 30 mV VDDL 2.5 2.6 2.7 mV V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0 V VPWR 16 V, -40C TJ = TA 125C, using the typical application circuit (see Figure 8) unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic SENSOR SUPPLIES (VREF1, VREF2) VREF On-Resistance, TA = -40C IVREF = 200 mA, IVDDH = 200 mA, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5.0 V VREF On-Resistance, TA = +25C IVREF = 200 mA, IVDDH = 200 mA, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5.0 V VREF On-Resistance, TA = +125C IVREF = 200 mA, IVDDH = 200 mA, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5.0 V VREF Short-to-Battery Detect Current VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5.0 V, SNSEN = 5.0 V VREF Short-to-Ground Detect Current VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5.0 V, SNSEN = 5.0 V Maximum Output Capacitance (Total) SUPERVISORY CIRCUITS (VPWR) PWROK Undervoltage Threshold on VDDL, FBL Ramps Down VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA PWROK Undervoltage Threshold on VDDH VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA VDDH Overvoltage Threshold VPWR = KA_VPWR = 10 V, IVDDH = 200 mA PWROK Open Drain On-Resistance VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 5 V, IPwrOK = 5.0 mA VKAMOK Threshold, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA VKAMOK Threshold on VPWR, VPWR Ramps Up KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA VKAMOK Open Drain On-Resistance VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, EN = 0 V, IVKAMOK = 10 mA Enable Input Voltage Threshold (Pin EN) Enable Pull-Down Current (Pin EN), EN = 1.0 V VDDH to VIL (MIN) Sensor Enable Input Voltage Threshold (Pin SNSEN) Sensor Enable Pull-Down Current (Pin SNSEN) SNSEN = 1.0 V VDDH to VIL (MIN) Notes 13. Recommended value. VIH IPD VIH IPD 500 - 1200 RDS(ON) 50 1.0 500 1.0 - - - - 200 2.0 1200 2.0 V nA V nA VPWROK(TH) 4.0 - 5.0 VKAM(THL) 2.1 2.4 2.5 V RDS(ON) - - 200 V VDDH(THH) 5.12 - 5.7 VDDH(THL) 4.5 - 4.8 V VFBL(THL) 2.1 2.4 2.5 V V
(13)
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
RDS(ON) - RDS(ON) - RDS(ON) - ISC_BAT 500 ISC_GND 500 CVREF 33 - - 900 39 - 900 - 455 - 350 - 280
m
m
m
mA
mA
nF
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0 V VPWR 16 V, -40C TJ = TA 125C, using the typical application circuit (see Figure 8) unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic CHARGE PUMP (CRES) Charge Pump Voltage VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA, ICP = 0 A VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, IVDDH = 200 mA, ICP = 10 A VCRES 12 12 - - 15 15 V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0 V VPWR 16 V, -40C TJ = TA 125C using the typical application circuit (see Figure 8) unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic BUCK REGULATOR (VDDH) Switching Frequency (14) Soft Start Duration (see Figure 2) VPWR = KA_VPWR = 6.0 V CHARGE PUMP (CRES) Charge Pump Current Ramp-Up Time VPWR = KA_VPWR = 14 V, CRES = 22 nF, VCP = 1.0 V to 11 V Charge Pump Ramp-Up Time VPWR = KA_VPWR = 7.0 V, CRES = 22 nF, VCP = 7.0 V to 10 V SENSOR SUPPLIES (VREF1, VREF2) VREF Overcurrent Detection Time (see Figure 3) VREF Load RL = 5.0 to GND, VDDH = 5.1 V, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 10 V, EN = 5.0 V, SNSEN = 5.0 V VREF Retry Timer Delay (see Figure 3) VREF Load RL = 5.0 to GND, VDDH = 5.1 V, VPWR = KA_VPWR = 10 V, EN = 5.0 V, SNSEN = 5.0 V SUPERVISORY CIRCUITS (VPWR) PWROK Delay Time (Power-On Reset) (see Figure 4) VKAMOK Delay Time (see Figure 5) VDDH Power-Up Delay Time (see Figure 6) Fault-Off Timer Delay Time (see Figure 7) Notes 14. Guaranteed by design but not production tested. tD(PWROK) tD(VKAMOK) tD(VPWR) tFAULT 5.0 10 1.0 1.0 - - - - 15 30 10 10 ms ms ms ms tRET 5.0 - 20 tDET 0.5 - 2.0 ms s tCRES 1.0 - 10 tCRES 1.0 - 20 ms ms fSW tSS 5.0 - 15 - 750 - kHz ms Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TIMING DIAGRAMS
TIMING DIAGRAMS
VPWR (V) VPWR (V) KA_VPW R KA_VPWR (V) (V)
6.0
0
EN (V) EN (V)
5.0 2.5V 0 t SS
VDDH (V) VDDH(V)
5.0
4.8V
0 TIME
Figure 4. Soft-Start Time
VPWR SNSEN VPWR (V) SNSNEN KA_VPWR V REF (V) VREF (V) EN (V) KA_VPWR EN (V) (V) (V)
14
0 tDet ??V 2.0V 0 t Ret ??V 2.0V 4.8V
5.0 0
5.0
PWROK PWROK (V) (V)
2.6 0 TIME
Figure 5. VREF Retry Timer
VPWR (V) VPWR (V) KA_VPWR KA_VPWR (V) (V)
EN (V) (V) VDDH (V) V DDH (V)
14
0
5.0 0 5.0 4.6V
0
PWROK PWROK (V) (V)
tD(PWROK)
2.6 0 TIME
Figure 6. PWROK Delay Timer (Power-On Reset)
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TIMING DIAGRAMS
KA_VPWR KA_VPWR (V)(V)
6.0 VPW R = 0V
0
VKAM OK V KAM VKAMOK (V) VKAM (V)(V) EN (V) EN (V) (V)
5.0 0 2.6 2.4V tD(VKAMOK)
0 2.6 0
TIME
Figure 7. VKAMOK Delay Time
KA_VPW R KA_VPWR (V)
18
0
EN (V) EN (V) VPWR VPWR (V)
5.0 0 18 t D(VPWR)
0 5.0
VDDH (V) VDDH (V)
2.0V 0 TIME
Figure 8. VDDH Power-Up Delay Time
VPWR VPWR (V) KA_V PWR VDDH V DDL VDDH (V) EN (V)KA_VPWR (V) VDDH (V) (V) EN (V) (V) (V)
14
0
5.0 0
2.6 0 4.7V 1.0V tFault tFault 4.7V 1.0V
5.0
0
PWROK PW ROK (V) (V)
2.6 0 TIME
Figure 9. Fault-Off Timer Delay Time
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
The 33998 multi-output power supply integrated circuit is capable of operating from 6.0 V up to 26.5 V with 40 V transient capability. It incorporates a step-down switching controller regulating directly to 5.0 V. The 2.6 V linear regulator uses an external pass transistor, thus reducing the power dissipation of the integrated circuit. The 33998 also provides a 2.6 V linear standby regulator and two 5.0 V sensor supply outputs protected by internal low-resistance LDMOS transistors against short-to-battery and short-toground.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION SWITCHING REGULATOR (VDDH)
The switching regulator is a high-frequency (750 kHz), conventional buck converter with integrated high-side pchannel power MOSFET. Its output voltage is regulated to provide 5.0 V with 2% accuracy and it is intended to directly power the digital and analog circuits of the Electronic Control Module (ECM). The switching regulator output is rated for 1400 mA total output current. This current can be used by the linear regulator VDDL and sensor supplies VREF1 and VREF2. The 33998 switching controller utilizes "Sensorless Current Mode Control" to achieve good line rejection and stabilize the feedback loop. A soft-start feature is incorporated into the 33998. When the device is enabled, the switching regulator output voltage VDDH ramps up to about half of full scale and then takes 16 steps up to the nominal regulation voltage level (5.0 V nominal). battery above 17 V are considered "double faults" and neither one of the VREF outputs is protected against such conditions. Depending on the VDDH capacitor value and its ESR value, the severity of the short may disrupt the VDDH operation.
KEEP-ALIVE REGULATOR, STANDBY (VKAM)
The Keep-Alive Regulator VKAM (keep-alive memory) is intended to provide power for "key off" functions such as nonvolatile SRAM, "KeyOff" timers and controls, KeySwitch monitor circuits, and perhaps a CAN/SCP monitor and wakeup function. It may also power other low-current circuits required during a "KeyOff" condition. The regulated voltage is nominally 2.6 V. A severe fault condition on the VKAM output is signaled by pulling the VKAMOK signal low.
2.6 V LINEAR REGULATOR (VDDL)
The 2.6 V linear post-regulator is powered from the 5.0 V switching regulator output (VDDH). A discrete pass transistor is used to the power path for the VDDL regulator. This arrangement minimizes the power dissipation off the controller IC. The FBL pin is the feedback input of the regulator control loop and the DRVL pin the external NPN pass transistor base drive. Power up, power down, and fault management are coordinated with the 5.0 V switching regulator.
KEEP-ALIVE OPERATION, STANDBY, POWERDOWN MODE (VKAM)
When the EN pin is pulled low, the power supply is forced into a low-current standby mode. In order to reduce current drawn by the VPWR and KA_VPWR pins, all power supply functions are disabled except for the VKAM and Enable (EN) pins. The latter pin is monitored for the "wake-up" signal. The switching transistor gate is actively disabled and the VDDL and VDDH pins are actively pulled low.
SENSOR SUPPLIES (VREF1) AND (VREF2)
The sensor supplies are implemented using a protected switch to the main 5.0 V (switching regulator) output. The 33998 integrated circuit provides two low-resistance LDMOS power MOSFETs connected to the switching regulator output (VDDH). These switches have short-to-battery and short-toground protection integrated into the IC. When a severe fault conditions is detected, the affected sensor output is turned off and the sensor Retry Timer starts to time out. After the Retry Timer expires, the sensor supply tries to power up again. Sensor supplies VREF can be disabled by pulling the Sensor Enable SNSEN pin low (see Figure 7 for the VREF Retry Timer operation). Notes: Severe fault conditions on the VREF1 and VREF2 outputs, like hard shorts to either ground or battery, may disrupt the operation of the main regulator VDDH. Shorts to
POWER-UP DELAY TIMERS
Two Power-Up Delay timers are integrated into the control section of the integrated circuit. One timer monitors the input voltage at the VPWR input pin (see Figure 3), and the other monitors the input voltage at the KA_VPWR input pin. In both cases, sufficient supply voltage must be present long enough for the timers to "time out" before the switching regulator can be enabled.
FAULT-OFF TIMER
If the VDDL output voltage does not reach its valid range at the end of soft-start period, or if the VDDH or VDDL output voltage gets below its PWROK threshold level, the Fault-Off Timer shuts the switching regulator off until the timer "times out" and the switching regulator retries to power up again (see Figure 7 for Fault-Off Timer operation details).
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
POWER-ON RESET TIMER
This timer starts to time out at the end of the soft-start period if the VDDH and VDDL outputs are in the valid regulation range. If the timer "times out", then the open-drain PWROK signal is released, indicating that "power is ON".
SUPERVISORY CIRCUITS (PWROK) AND (VKAMOK)
The 33998 has two voltage monitoring open-drain outputs, the PWROK and the VKAMOK pins. PWROK is "active high". This output is pulled low when either of the regulator outputs
(VDDH or VDDL) are below their regulation windows. If both regulator outputs are above their respective lower thresholds, and the Power-On Reset Timer has expired, the output driver is turned off and this pin is at high-impedance state (see Figure 6). The VKAMOK signal indicates a severe fault condition on the keep-alive regulator output VKAM. The VKAM output voltage is compared to the internal bandgap reference voltage. When the VKAM falls below the bandgap reference voltage level, the VKAMOK signal is pulled low.
33998
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
33998 Lf1 10uH Cf1 10uF Cf2 C1 1.0uF 100uF VPWR 4 C2 1.0uF VSW 9 D1 L1 15uH VDDH = 5.0V @ 1400mA total C4 100nF
I-lim
Drive
Soft Start Dp1 KA_VPWR Dp2 2 Retry
Ramp Enb Logic & Latch
R3 C3 2.2R 68uF C8 390pF Optional Snubber
FBKB 11 VSUM 12 V bg VDDH 15 Cc 1 2.2nF Rc1 3.6k
Osc
VREF1 Reg. VREF1 21 Cs1 33nF
Bandgap Voltage Reference Snsenb
Vbg
Enb
2.6V Linear Regulator Driver
DRVL 13 FBL 14
Q1 VDDL = 2.6V @ 400mA C6 68uF VKAM = 2.6V @ 10mA C7 4.7uF R1 10k R2 10k
C5 100nF
Enb Retry Snsenb VREF2 Reg. Snsenb Enable Control Enb POR V bg
2.6V Standby Reg.
VKAM 24
PWROK 10 VKAMOK PwrOK VkamOK 1
VREF2 16 Cs2 33nF Charge Pump
CRES 3 C9 22nF
SNSEN 22 EN 23
5-8 17-20
GND
Note The VDDH total output current is 1.4 A. This includes the current used by the linear regulator VDDL and buffered outputs VREF1 and VREF2.
Figure 10. 33998 Application Circuit Schematic Diagram
33998
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
Table 5. Recommended Components
Designator Cf1 Cf2, C2 C1 C3 (15) C6 C7 C4, C5 C8 (Optional) C9 Cs1, Cs2 Cc1 R1, R2 R3 (Optional) Rc1 Lf1 Value / Rating 10 F / 50 V 1.0 F / 50 V 100 F / 50 V 68 F / 10 V 68 F / 10 V 4.7 F / 10 V 100 nF / 16 V 390 pF / 50 V 22 nF / 25 V 33 nF / 25 V 2.2 nF / 16 V 10 k 2.2 3.6 k 10 H Description / Part No. Aluminum Electrolytic / UUB1H100MNR Ceramic X7R / C1812C105K5RACTR Aluminum Electrolytic / UUH1V101MNR Tantalum / T494D686M010AS Tantalum / T494D686M010AS Tantalum / T494A475M010AS Ceramic X7R Ceramic X7R Ceramic X7R Ceramic X7R Ceramic X7R Resistor 0805, 5% Resistor 0805, 5% Resistor 0805, 5% CDRH127-100M or SLF10145-100M2R5 L1 15 H CDRH127-150MC or SLF10145-150M2R2 Q1 D1 Dp1 Dp2 1.0 A / 20 V 2.0 A / 50 V 3.0 A / 200 V 27 V Bipolar Transistor / BCP68T1 Schottky Diode / SS25 Diode / MURS320 Transient Voltage Suppressor / SM5A27 Manufacturer (16) Nichicon Kemet Nichicon Kemet Kemet Kemet Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Any Manufacturer Sumida TDK Sumida TDK ON Semiconductor General Semiconductor ON Semiconductor General Semiconductor
Notes 15. It is possible to use ceramic capacitors in the switcher output, e.g. C3 = 2 x 22 F / 6.3 V X7R ceramic. In this case the compensation resistor has to be changed to Rc1 = 200 to stabilize the switching regulator operation. 16. Freescale Semiconductor does not assume liability, endorse, or warrant components from external manufacturers that are referenced in circuit drawings or tables. While Freescale Semiconductor offers component recommendations in this configuration, it is the customer's responsibility to validate their application. 17. Freescale Semiconductor does not assume liability, endorse, or warrant components from external manufacturers that are referenced in circuit drawings or tables. While Freescale Semiconductor offers component recommendations in this configuration, it is the customer's responsibility to validate their application.
33998
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
PACKAGING PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the "98A" listed below.
DWB SUFFIX EG SUFFIX (PB-FREE) 24 PIN SOIC WIDE BODY PLASTIC PACKAGE 98ASB42344B ISSUE F
33998
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
Revision 2.0
Date 8/2006
Description of Changes * * * * * Implemented Revision History page Converted to Freescale format Update to the prevailing form and style Removed MC33998EG/R2, and replaced with MCZ33998EG/R2 in the Ordering Information block Removed Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Reflow (solder reflow) parameter from Maximum Ratings on page 5. Added note with instructions from www.freescale.com.
33998
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor
19
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MC33998 Rev. 2.0 8/2006

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